噬菌体赋形剂的种类、配方及包被技术研究进展

噬菌体制剂的研究与应用受到医药领域、畜牧兽医领域及食品生产在内的各行业的重视。然而，噬菌体作为一种具有蛋白质外壳的活微生物，其在防治致病菌污染、感染及储存运输过程中，会遇到一些活性丧失、储存期短、液体状态运输不便等问题。因此，寻找合适的包被赋形剂，以减少噬菌体在使用、储存及运输过程中的活性损失，是噬菌体疗法亟须解决的问题。本文主要综述制备噬菌体制剂时使用的包被赋形剂种类、配方及包被技术等，及其对噬菌体抗逆性和储存稳定性的影响，并探讨了该领域最重要的研究成果，以期为固态噬菌体制剂寻找合适的包被赋形剂、配方和包被技术，为噬菌体的靶向治疗和控制释放奠定基础，有助于噬菌体治疗的更广泛的临床应用。

Research progress of types, formulation and encapsulation technology of phage excipients

Phage research and applications have been booming in medicine, animal husbandry, veterinary medicine, and food production. However, as an alive microorganism with protein capsid, phage may encounter loss of activity, short storage, and inconvenient transportation in liquid state when being applied in the prevention and control of bacterial pollution and infection. Therefore, to find suitable excipients for phage encapsulation is an urgent problem to be solved for phage therapy. We reviewed the effects of the types, formulations, and encapsulation technologies of excipients used in phage preparations on the resistance and storage stability of phages, and summarized the major research achievements in this field. In this review, we hope to find suitable formulations and technologies of excipients for solid-state phage preparations, which will lay a foundation for the targeted delivery and release of phages and contribute to the clinical application of phage therapy.