中华绒螯蟹窦腺神经末梢及X-器官神经分泌细胞的类型

在电子显微镜下观察了性未成熟的中华绒螯蟹黄蟹的窦腺及X－器官的超微结构。X－器官位于眼柄神经节终髓的腹外侧,与窦腺位置斜相对,窦腺主要由神经分泌细胞的末梢和胶质细胞组成。神经末梢含有大量的膜结构包围的颗粒、线粒体、粗面内质网和许多电子透明的小泡,末梢外周有时可见指状突起。依据颗粒的大小、形状、电子致密度以及胞质特征,可区分出6种类型的窦腺神经末梢及7种X－器官神经分泌细胞。观察了末梢中神经分泌颗粒的胞吐作用方式的释放过程,并且尝试对窦腺不同末梢中的颗粒及X－器官神经分泌细胞中的颗粒作了比较,发现二者之间具有较好的对应性,即电子致密度无大的变化,形态特征相似,只是大小稍有增加。

Nerve Terminal Types of Sinus Gland and Neurosecretory Cell Types of X-organ in Crab Eriocheir sinensis

The ultrastructure of the X-organ sinus gland complex in sexually immature Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis was examined under the electron microscope. The sinus gland (SG) is composed primarily of nerve terminals and glial cells. The terminal contains a great number of membrane-bound granules, mitochondria, rough endoplasmic reticulum and electron-lucent vesicles. The profiles of the terminals are sometimes exhibited finger-like projections. The X-organ (XO) locates at the ventral surface of the medulla terminalis ganglion in the eyestalk, oppositing to SG. According to the features of granule size, shape, electron density and cytoplasm, 6 types of terminals in SG and 7 types of neurosecretory (NS) cells in XO were identified. The release process by exocytosis of the granules in SG was observed and a tentative comparison was made for the granules between different types of terminals and NS cells. It seemed that they had a good correspondence since no change in electron density and just a slight increase of sizes was shown.