Mitogen-induced suppressor factor(s) from human lymphocytes: effects on lymphoid and nonlymphoid cells and biophysical properties

Concanavalin A (Con A) or phytohemagglutinin activate a population of human circulating lymphocytes to exert suppressive functions. We found that supernates from the activated human lymphocytes suppress lymphocyte responses to Con A, the mixed lymphocyte reaction and pokeweed mitogen-induced IgM production. Mitogen stimulated suppressor lymphocytes, or their supernates, inhibit also the spontaneous proliferation of human retinoblastoma cells (Y-79 line) and primary cultures of human keratocytes. A correlation was always noted between the levels of inhibitory activities of the lymphocytes and their supernates. Furthermore, a good correlation was found between the levels of inhibition by the supernates of lymphocyte functions (proliferation and IgM production) and of the nonlymphoid cells' proliferation. Some of the properties of this suppressor factor(s) are: (i) produced only by the T-cell population; (ii) appears after 8 hr of Con A stimulation, peaks at 24 to 48 hr and declines later on; (iii) stable at 56 °C and labile to 70 °C; (iv) nondialyzable and present in the 40K–100K dalton fraction of a G-200 Sephadex column; (v) labile to pH 2 treatment.