Development of trophic interactions in the vertebrate peripheral nervous system |
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Authors: | Kristine S Vogel |
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Institution: | (1) Molecular Embryology Section; NCl-Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, ABL-Basic Research Program, 21702-1201 Frederick, MD |
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Abstract: | During embryogenesis, the neurons of vertebrate sympathetic and sensory ganglia become dependent on neurotrophic factors,
derived from their targets, for survival and maintenance of differentiated functions. Many of these interactions are mediated
by the neurotrophins NGF, BDNF, and NT3 and the receptor tyrosine kinases encoded by genes of thetrk family. Both sympathetic and sensory neurons undergo developmental changes in their responsiveness to NGF, the first neurotrophin
to be identified and characterized. Subpopulations of sensory neurons do not require NGF for survival, but respond instead
to BDNF or NT3 with enhanced survival. In addition to their classic effects on neuron survival, neurotrophins influence the
differentiation and proliferation of neural crest-derived neuronal precursors. In both sympathetic and sensory systems, production
of neurotrophins by target cells and expression of neurotrophin receptors by neurons are correlated temporally and spatially
with innervation patterns. In vitro, embryonic sympathetic neurons require exposure to environmental cues, such as basic FGF
and retinoic acid to acquire neurotrophin-responsiveness; in contrast, embryonic sensory neurons acquire neurotrophin-responsiveness
on schedule in the absence of these molecules. |
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Keywords: | Neurotrophin neurotrophin receptor trophic interactions sensory neuron sympathetic neuron neural crest |
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