碱胁迫下耐碱植物星星草体内柠檬酸特异积累现象

对碱胁迫(0-175 mmol/L Na2CO3)下星星草(Puccinellia tenuiflora (Griseb.) Scribn.et Merr.)体内柠檬酸的积累规律及其相关胁变指标进行分析测定.实验结果证明:积累柠檬酸是星星草对碱胁迫特有的生理反应.盐胁迫(0-400 mmol/L NaCl)下,柠檬酸含量反而稍有下降.柠檬酸积累量随碱胁迫强度增大而增大,低胁迫强度时积累量上升缓慢,当胁迫强度大于100 mmol/L Na2CO3时,积累量明显上升.柠檬酸积累与胁迫时间之间呈直角曲线关系,一定胁迫强度下胁迫4 h后即可测出柠檬酸含量明显上升,约48 h后渐趋最大值.碱胁迫144 h后星星草各部位中柠檬酸含量从高到低的顺序依次是老叶、成熟叶、老叶鞘、幼叶鞘、幼茎、老茎和幼叶.成熟叶中柠檬酸随碱胁迫强度增大而逐渐上升,老叶和叶鞘中的柠檬酸在碱胁迫强度大于125 mmol/L后急剧上升,茎中柠檬酸含量无明显增高,幼叶中柠檬酸含量基本不变.实验证明,碱胁迫下积累的主要是柠檬酸,其他有机酸无明显变化.

Citric Acid Accumulation in an Alkali-tolerant Plant Puccinellia tenuiflora Under Alkaline Stress

The accumulation of citric acid and associated correlative strain indexes were investigated in the seedlings of Puccinellia tenuiflora (Griseb.) Scribn. et Merr. stressed with 0-175 mmol/L Na2CO3. The results showed that the citric acid accumulation is a specific physiological respond of this plant to alkali stress. On the contrary, the citric acid content decreased slightly in this plant stressed with 0-400 mmol/L neutral salt NaCl. The accumulation of citric acid increased with increasing strength of alkali stress, the citric acid content increased gently when the strength was lower than 100 mmol/L Na2CO3, but increased obviously when the strength was higher than 100 mmol/L Na2CO3. The citric acid rapidly accumulated at early alkali stress, an obvious raise can be mensurated after 4 h. About 48 h after treatment, the amount of citric acid accumulated nearly reached the maximum. In various parts of P. tenuiflora seedlings alkali stressed for 144 h, the order of citric acid content from high to low is: old leaf, mature leaf, old leaf sheath, young leaf sheath, young stem, old stem, and young leaf. In the mature leaf, the citric acid content gradually increased with increasing strength of alkali stress, while the citric acid content increased sharply in old leaf and sheath just for strength higher than 125 mmol/L. There was little change of citric acid content in stem, but no change in young leaf. The results of the experiment showed that citric acid was outstanding among accumulated organic acid caused by alkali stress. The contribution of other organic acids was negligible.