Genetic diversity and population structure of endangered endemic Paeonia jishanensis in China and conservation implications |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;2. National Flower Engineering Research Centre, Key Laboratory for the Genetics and Breeding of Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Beijing 100083, China;3. Forestry Department of Shaanxi Province, Xian 710082, China;1. Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, Telangana, India;2. Agri Biotech Foundation, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, 500030, Telangana, India;1. Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Faculty of Technology and Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India;2. Department of Botany, Punjabi University, Patiala, 147002, Punjab, India;3. Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India;1. ICAR-Directorate of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, Boriavi-387 310, Anand, Gujarat, India;2. Children’s University, Gandhinagar -382 021, Gujarat, India;3. ICAR-Central Tobacco Research Institute, Research Station, Vedasandur, Dindigul-624 710, Tamil Nadu, India;4. ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Hebbal, Bengaluru, Karnataka- 560 024, India;5. ICAR-Directorate of Cashew Research, Puttur- 574 202, Karnataka, India;6. ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru- 560 089, Karnataka, India;7. Institute of Pesticide Formulation Technology, Gurugram- 122 016, Haryana, India |
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| Abstract: | Paeonia jishanensis, one of the most important ancestral species of cultivated tree peonies, is an endangered ornamental and medicinal plant endemic to China. A total of 236 individuals of P. jishanensis from 10 extant populations were analysed using 21 EST-SSR markers to assess their genetic diversity and population structure. Moderate genetic diversity levels (HE = 0.340) and high genetic differentiation among populations (FST = 0.335) were revealed. Combining the results of STRUCTURE, PCoA and neighbour-joining analyses, the 10 populations were divided into four genetic groups that were significantly related to their geographical origins, which was further supported by hierarchical AMOVA showing the highest variation of 17.9% among groups. The Mantel test showed a significant positive correlation between genetic distance and geographic distance among populations (r = 0.873, P < 0.0001). The genetic structure of P. jishanensis may be due to limited gene flow hindered by vicariance and its breeding system: facultative vegetative reproduction. This study carries significant implications for the conservation and utilization of this endangered species. |
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| Keywords: | Conservation EST-SSR Genetic diversity Population structure Tree peony |
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