Niche breadth and trophic diversity: feeding behaviour of the red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) towards environmental availability of aquatic macroinvertebrates in a rice field (Portugal) |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China;2. Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China;1. Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, People''s Republic of China;2. School of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, People''s Republic of China;3. State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, People''s Republic of China;4. College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, People''s Republic of China;5. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, People''s Republic of China;1. University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic;2. Center for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics, Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Gulf University for Science and Technology, Hawally 32093, Kuwait;3. University of Murcia, Department of Zoology and Physical Anthropology, Murcia, Spain;4. Department of Biology, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy;5. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Uppsala, Sweden;6. Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia;7. University of Nebraska - Lincoln, School of Natural Resources, Lincoln, NE, USA;8. The PRODEO Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA;9. Yale University, School of the Environment, 195 Prospect St, New Haven, CT 06511, USA;10. GEOMAR Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung Kiel, Kiel, Germany;11. INRAE, UR RiverLy, Centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, 5 rue de la Doua CS70077, 69626 Villeurbanne, Cedex, France;12. Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN), Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Belvaux, Luxembourg;13. Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Department of Community and Ecosystem Ecology, Müggelseedamm 310, 12587 Berlin, Germany;14. Chief Scientists Group, Environment Agency, Horizon House, Deanery Road, Bristol BS1 5AH, UK;15. MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Associate Laboratory ARNET, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal;p. Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden;q. School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK;r. Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain;s. RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, Landau, Germany;t. Carnegie Mellon University, Institute for Green Science, 4400 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA;u. Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Gelnhausen, Germany |
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| Abstract: | The red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii (Girard 1852), an alien species in Portugal, may have dramatic effects on aquatic communities by depleting all food resources available, just after its introduction. The purpose of this study was to evaluate, through the concept of niche breadth, whether the diet of this species reflected the temporal changes of aquatic macroinvertebrate availability once it is acclimated. Petraitis’ index of niche breadth and Herrera’s trophic diversity index were used to evaluate the trophic behaviour of P. clarkii towards available resources over time and intraspecifically (size classes and sex) in a rice field in Portugal. Results from this study showed that the consumption of aquatic macroinvertebrates by P. clarkii reflected their seasonal availability. The high values of niche breadth and trophic diversity indicated resource use according to trophic availability, diversified diets and different individual exploitation of resources regardless of size or sex. These findings suggest that in habitats where P. clarkii is already acclimated, it adjusted its trophic behaviour to the seasonal availability of aquatic macroinvertebrates. The large niche breadth and high trophic diversity presented by P. clarkii enables it to successfully expand its range to new areas, when other environmental conditions are favourable, as has been observed in Portugal and worldwide. |
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