Treatment of spinal spasticity by electrical stimulation |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Wageningen University & Research, Division of Human Nutrition, P.O. Box 8129, 6700, EV, Wageningen, The Netherlands;2. Milan University, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Science – Faculty of Medicine, Milan, Italy;1. Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil;2. Neurology Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil;3. Genetics Identification Laboratory (Experimental Research Center), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil;4. Unit of Molecular and Protein Analysis (Experimental Research Center), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil;5. Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil;6. Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil;7. Postgraduate Program in Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil;8. Postgraduate Program in Medicine: Medical Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil;9. Department of Internal Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil;10. Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil;11. Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil;12. Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden;13. Center for Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Eberhard-Karls-University, Tübingen, Germany;1. Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Medical Science and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Via Is Guadazzonis 2, Cagliari 09126, Italy;2. Department of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy |
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| Abstract: | We present the results and the methodology of trials using transcutaneous electrical stimulation. The aim of our work was to decrease spasticity in 44 patients with traumatic damage to the spinal cord; 35 non-electrically stimulated spastics were used as controls. Both groups were randomly selected from inpatients in the Paraplegic Department at the Hospital Rehabilitation Centre. This electrical stimulation procedure leads to a long-lasting reduction in spasticity, an increased range of passive and active movements, the facilitation of lost functions, an improvement in breathing, an increase in pulmonary capacity, the reappearance of some neurological reflexes, and a diminution of supersensitivity to skin irritation. Blood pressure and neurogenic bladder functions were restored to normal. In addition to clinical observations, we investigated muscle force and the electromyogram; other measurements used in the trials involved the use of a specially adapted neurological hammer, a pendulum test, spirometry, cystometry, sphincterometry and biochemical estimations. |
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