环境因素对中国城市青少年体表面积发育的影响

用Stevenson和Du Bois公式计算30个省市城市7~18岁男女青少年的体表面积均值,并对其进行因子分析求得发育分。采用发育分与自然因素和社会经济因素进行相关分析和多元逐步回归分析,研究环境因素对中国城市青少年体表面积发育的综合影响。结果显示,中国城市青少年体表面积发育存在地域差异,男女青少年体表面积发育分排在前5位的均位于环渤海地区;发育分与地球经度、地球纬度、年日照时数、气温年较差、人均GDP、人均可支配收入以及每千人中卫生技术人员数呈显著性正相关,与海拔、年降水量、年均相对湿度、恩格尔系数、人口出生率、人口增长率以及儿童负担率呈显著性负相关;影响中国城市青少年体表面积发育的关键因素为海拔、年均相对湿度、恩格尔系数和儿童负担率。青少年体表面积发育在环境因素方面是受自然环境因素与社会经济生活两者之间共同相互作用的结果。

Effects of environmental factors on adolescent body surface area growth of urban Chinese

This research used Stevenson and DuBois’ formulae to calculate the average body surface area of 7-18 year-old adolescents in 30 cities throughout China, and then used factor analysis to obtain growth scores. Correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were used to analyze the growth scores, natural environment and socio-economic environment to determine the comprehensive effects of the environmental factors on adolescents body surface area growth. The results show that the development of body surface area of urban Chinese adolescents has regional differences. Specifically, the body surface area in the top five samples were located in circum-Bohai Sea region. Growth scores had a conspicuousness positive correlation with longitude and latitude, sunshine duration, annual range of temperature, GDP per capita, disposable income per capita and number of medical technicians per 1000 people. Growth scores had a negative correlation with altitude, annual precipitation, relative humidity, Engel’s coefficients, birth rate, rate of population increase and children’s burden rate. The key factors that affected adolescent body surface area growth of urban Chinese were altitude, annual average humidity, Engel’s coefficients and children’s burden rate. Environmental factors that influenced body surface area growth come from the result of co-interaction between the natural and socioeconomic environments.