浙江中南部近岸海域游泳动物功能群特征与多样性

为探明浙江中南部近岸海域游泳动物的群落结构和多样性, 作者于2016年春季进行了2个航次的底拖网调查, 应用生物多样性指数、冗余分析对游泳动物功能群组成进行了研究。结果表明, 该海域166种游泳动物依据摄食习性可分为6个功能群, 平均丰度百分比最高的为浮游动物/游泳动物食性功能群, 最低的为底栖动物食性功能群; 平均生物量百分比最高的为浮游动物食性功能群, 最低的为碎屑食性功能群。相似性分析结果显示, 该海域游泳动物的功能群结构在不同月份之间差异极显著。4月和5月的功能群多样性均值分别为1.30和1.23, 功能群多样性指数与大个体种类(体质量 > 50 g)的总生物量呈极显著正相关, 功能群多样性与物种多样性呈正相关关系。冗余分析显示该海域游泳动物食性功能群受温度变化影响较大; 底栖动物食性功能群受水深变化影响较大。上述结果表明, 浙江中南部海域游泳动物群落结构相对较稳定。

Characteristics and diversity of nekton functional groups in the coastal waters of south-central Zhejiang Province

To understand the status of nekton communities and diversity in the coastal waters of south-central Zhejiang Province, we carried out two bottom trawl surveys in April and May of 2016. By using diversity index and redundancy analysis, we studied the composition of functional groups. We divided 166 species of nekton into six functional groups according to their feeding habits. The average abundance percentage of zooplanktivores/piscivores functional group was the highest while that of benthivores functional group was the lowest. Meanwhile, the average biomass percentage of zooplanktivores functional group was the highest while that of detritivorous functional group was the lowest. The results of ANOSIM showed a significant monthly difference between functional group structure of nekton communities in April and May, and the mean value of functional group diversity was 1.30 and 1.23 in those months, respectively. Functional group diversity of nekton communities was significantly positively correlated with the total biomass of large individual species (body mass > 50 g), and functional group diversity was positively correlated with species diversity. Redundancy analysis showed that the piscivores functional group were greatly affected by temperature, while benthivores functional group was greatly affected by water depth. Through the analysis of functional group composition, we found the nekton community structure was stable in the coastal waters of south-central Zhejiang Province.