几种党参属植物及其近缘种花粉形态的比较

对6种桔梗科（党参属Codonopsis4个种以及桔梗属Platycodon和风铃草属Campanula各1种）花粉进行了光镜及扫描电镜的观察比较，发现党参属不同种花粉的形态特征很不相同，易于区别，如党参花粉极面观多为7裂圆形，外壁形面具乳突状的短刺，川党参花粉极面观圆形，刺在沟的两旁排成两列，小花党参花粉极面观近圆形至7裂圆形，外壁表面的刺比其它种的都大，鸡蛋参花粉外壁表面的刺柔软而稍为弯曲，其长度为上述各种刺的数倍，桔梗属和风铃草属花粉与党参属花粉的差异更大，桔梗属花粉粒扁球形，极面观五角形，少数四或六角形，风铃草属花粉粒更为特殊，极面观近圆三角形，具3孔，花粉外壁的刺不仅锐利而且很粗，花粉形态在党参属不同种间以及党参属与桔梗属和风铃草属之间的差异为其分类学提供了进一步的孢粉学资料。

Pollen Morphology of Some Codonopsis and Relafed Species of Campanulaceae

The pollen grains of Codonopsis pilosula,C. tangshan, C. micrantha and C. convolvulacea ,and of Platycodon gandiflorum and Campanula medium of Campanulaceae were examined by LM and SEM. The result showed that the pollenmorphology among species of Codonopsis L. and other genera is diffenent in AMB, in exine sculpture and even in aperture types. The pollen grains of Codonopsis pilosula are 7-lobate-circular in polar view, but that of C. tangshan and C. micrantha are circular or nearly circular. The spinulose on the pollen wall of Codonopsis pilosula and C. tangshan are very small, but that of C. convolvulacea are long and curved at the end, and that of C. micrantha are short and thick. The pollen of Platycodon gandiflorum is 5- lobate-circular in polar view. Campanula medium has pollen characterized by 3-angular circular view in AMB. The difference of pollen morphology among species of Codonopsis and different genera in Campanulaceae is so remarkable that it will play an important role in classification of Codonopsis and other genera in Campanulaceae.