坏死性凋亡在细菌与宿主相互作用中的机制研究进展

坏死性凋亡(necroptosis)是由受体相互作用蛋白(receptor-interacting protein/receptor-interacting protein kinase，RIP/RIPK)调控的调节性细胞死亡(regulated cell death，RCD)方式之一，可分为依赖RIPK1的经典途径和不依赖RIPK1的非经典途径。RIPK3和混合系列激酶结构域样蛋白(mixed lineage kinase domain-like，MLKL)通过以上两种途径被有序激活，最终诱导细胞发生坏死性凋亡。病原微生物感染过程中会发生多种形式的细胞死亡，其结局高度依赖宿主受感染细胞的命运，一方面细菌毒力因子导致宿主细胞发生坏死性凋亡；另一方面坏死性凋亡也是宿主免疫防御的重要方式。深入探讨坏死性凋亡在细菌与宿主相互作用中的机制对揭示感染性疾病的发生和发展具有重要意义。

Research progress of necroptosis in bacteria-host interactions

Necroptosis is one of the regulated cell death mediated by receptor-interacting protein (kinase) (RIP/RIPK). It can be divided into the classical pathway that depends on RIPK1 and the non-classical pathway which is independent of RIPK1. RIPK3 and mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL) are activated orderly through the above two ways, and finally induce necroptosis. With in-depth research, there are many forms of cell death have been discovered in the process of pathogenic microorganism infection. Pathogenic microorganisms cause various forms of cell death in the process of infection and the outcome of infection is highly dependent on the fate of cells. On the one hand, bacterial virulence factors cause lead to necroptosis of host cells; on the other hand, necroptosis is also an important way of host immune defense. It is of great significance to explore the interaction between bacteria and host for revealing the occurrence and development of infectious diseases.