海口市外来入侵植物现状及防控对策

基于野外调查及文献资料及标本信息查阅，基本查清海口市外来入侵植物的种类组成、原产地、生活型、入侵途径，并对外来入侵植物在海口市的入侵危害进行等级划分。结果表明，海口市目前发现外来入侵植物115种，隶属于32科83属，其中菊科种数最多，有23种，占海口外来入侵植物总种数的20.0%；有92种原产地为美洲，占80.0%；有84种为草本植物，占73.0%；有111种为人类有意或无意引入，占96.5%；入侵植物中严重危害类(1级)有12种，一般危害类(2级)有24种，潜在危害类(3级)有25种，一般外来类(4级)有22种，32种还有待观察(5级)。文中提出对海口外来植物入侵的防控及管理对策。

The Status and Control of Invasive Plants in Haikou

An analysis of relevant literature and specimen records was conducted, together with field investigations, to examine the species composition, origin, life form, invasive pathway of alien invasive plants in Haikou, China, and their invasion grades were also rated. The results showed that there were 115 species of invasive alien plants, belonging to 32 families and 83 genera. Among which the largest family was Asteraceae with a number of 23 species (20.0% of the total invasive species of Haikou, the same below). The most invasive plants originated from America were 92 species (80.0%). The majority of invasive species were herbs with a number of 84 species (73.0%); 111 species (96.5%) were intentionally or unintentionally introduced by human activities. Among the invasive plants, there were 12 kinds of serious harm, 24 kinds of general harm, 25 kinds of potential harm, 22 kinds of general alien and 32 kinds to be observed. In addition, several suitable countermeasures to prevent and control the invasive plants for Haikou were proposed.