广东云开山国家级自然保护区鸟兽红外相机调查初报

2017年1月至2019年9月, 我们在广东云开山国家级自然保护区3个观测样区布设61台红外相机, 对兽类和鸟类多样性进行调查。共记录到野生兽类4目7科9种, 鸟类6目14科34种, 其中广东省新记录1种, 为蓝绿鹊(Cissa chinensis), 记录国家II级重点保护动物2种, 为原鸡(Gallus gallus)和白鹇(Lophura nycthemera)。相对多度较高的5种兽类依次为赤腹松鼠(Callosciurus erythraeus)、赤麂(Muntiacus vaginalis)、鼬獾(Melogale moschata)、野猪(Sus scrofa)和果子狸(Paguma larvata), 相对多度较高的3种鸟类分别是紫啸鸫(Myiophoneus caeruleus)、虎斑地鸫(Zoothera dauma)和红嘴相思鸟(Leiothrix lutea)。通过对相对多度指数前三的鸟兽日活动节律观察分析, 共发现4种典型昼行性动物(赤腹松鼠、紫啸鸫、虎斑地鸫和红嘴相思鸟)和1种典型夜行性动物(鼬獾)。赤麂日活动呈现两个高峰时段, 分别为12:00-14:00和18:00-20:00。本研究评估了广东云开山国家级自然保护区部分兽类和鸟类资源现状, 为保护区野生动物保护与管理提供了数据支持。

Camera-trapping survey on mammals and birds in the Guangdong Yunkaishan National Nature Reserve

In order to document the wildlife resources in the Guangdong Yunkaishan National Nature Reserve, 61 infrared cameras were used to monitor mammals and birds at 3 observation plots from January 2017 to September 2019. Based on the camera data, we found 9 mammal species belonging to 4 orders and 7 families, and 34 bird species belonging to 6 orders and 14 families. There were two species listed as Class II National Protected Wildlife in China: the red jungle fowl (Gallus gallus) and silver pheasant (Lophura nycthemera). Common green magpie (Cissa chinensis) was a new recorded species in Guangdong Province. The five most abundant mammal species with the highest relative abundance index (RAI) were Pallas’s squirrel (Callosciurus erythraeus), red muntjac (Muntiacus vaginalis), Chinese ferret-badger (Melogale moschata), wild boar (Sus scrofa) and palm civet (Paguma larvata), respectively. In addition, the three most abundant bird species with the highest RAI were blue whistling thrush (Myiophoneus caeruleus), scaly thrush (Zoothera dauma) and red billed leiothrix bird (Leiothrix lutea), respectively. The activity rhythm analysis of the three dominant mammals and three dominant bird species revealed that the Chinese ferret-badger was a diurnal animal, while the three birds (blue whistling thrush, scaly thrush and red billed leiothrix bird) and one mammal (Pallas’s squirrel) were nocturnal animals. The daily activity rhythm of the red muntjac showed two active peaks at 12:00-14:00 and 18:00-20:00. Our results provide important data on mammal and bird diversity in Guangdong Yunkaishan National Nature Reserve, which will be beneficial for wildlife protection and management in the reserve.