重组贻贝足蛋白的研究进展与应用*

贻贝足蛋白是一类通过贻贝足腺分泌的蛋白质复合物,与基质表面发生反应而产生极强的黏附作用。其在海洋环境中具有强黏附能力、可降解性和优秀的生物相容性等优点,因此常被用做生物医药黏合剂。但提取天然蛋白质受原料来源限制,且工艺烦琐导致价格高昂,阻碍了贻贝足蛋白的进一步应用发展。微生物合成的最新进展为贻贝足蛋白的产出提供了一种新思路,并且具有扩大规模生产的意义。主要综述了贻贝足蛋白的基因工程生产方法,总结了重组蛋白在黏附抗污涂层、组织工程材料等领域的应用现状。同时对其研究方向进行了展望,指出重组贻贝足蛋白的进一步发展的关键技术是解析蛋白质的构效和层级结构,在此基础上提高其异源表达水平,以获得更多生物功效性的衍生产品。

Advances and Applications of Recombinant Mussel Foot Proteins

Mussel foot proteins are a kind of protein complex secreted by mussel foot gland, which have strong adhesion to the surface of substrates due to reactions. Because of its strong adhesion, biodegradability and excellent biocompatibility in the marine environments, it is often used as bio-medical adhesives. However, the extraction of natural proteins is limited by the source of raw materials, and the complex process leads to high price, which hinders the further application and development of mussel foot proteins. The latest development of microbial synthesis provides a new way of thinking for mussel foot protein production and has the significance of expanding the scale of production. The production methods of mussel foot protein by genetic engineering were reviewed, and the applications of recombinant proteins in adhesion antifouling coatings and tissue engineering materials were summarized. At the same time, the research direction is prospected, and it is pointed out that the key technology for the further development of recombinant mussel foot proteins is to analyze the structure activity and hierarchical structure of the protein, on the basis of which the expression level of the protein is improved, so as to obtain more derivatives with biological efficacy.