Someplace like home: Experience,habitat selection and conservation biology |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Section of Evolution and Ecology, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA;2. Conservation and Research for Endangered Species, Zoological Society of San Diego, P.O. Box 120551, San Diego, CA 92112, USA;1. Departamento De Evolução, Biodiversidade e Meio Ambiente, Instituto De Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal De Ouro Preto, Campus Morro Do Cruzeiro, s/n, Bauxita, Cep: 35400-000, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil;2. University of Salford Manchester, Peel Building - Room G51, Salford, M5 4WT, United Kingdom;1. Wildlife and Reserve Management Research Group, Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, PO Box 94, Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa;2. Department of Biology, Furman University, Greenville, SC, 29613, USA;1. Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage, Centre National d’Etudes et de Recherche Appliquée Faune de montagne, Juvignac, France;2. Université de Savoie, Centre Interdisciplinaire des Sciences de la Montagne, CNRS UMR 5553, Laboratoire d’Ecologie Alpine, Le Bourget-du-Lac, France;3. Université de Lyon, VetAgro Sup–Campus Vétérinaire de Lyon, Laboratoire de parasitologie vétérinaire, Marcy l’Etoile, France;4. Université Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Villeurbanne, France;1. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada;2. Talus Environmental Consulting, 127 Silver Valley Rise, Calgary, AB T3B 4W9, Canada;3. Golder Associates Ltd. 102, 2535 – 3rd Avenue S.E., Calgary, AB T2A 7W5, Canada;1. Evolutionary Ecology Group, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium;2. Laboratory of Ornithology, Cornell University, 159 Sapsucker Woods Road, NY 14850 Ithaca, USA;3. Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics, Hasselt University, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium;4. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA |
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| Abstract: | Recent insights from habitat selection theory may help conservation managers encourage released animals to settle in appropriate habitats. By all measures, success rates for captive–release and translocation programs are low, and have shown few signs of improvement in recent years. We consider situations in which free-living dispersers prefer new habitats that contain stimuli comparable to those in their natal habitat, a phenomenon called natal habitat preference induction (NHPI). Theory predicts NHPI when dispersers experienced favorable conditions in their natal habitat, and have difficulty estimating the quality of unfamiliar habitats. NHPI is especially likely to occur when performance in a given habitat is enhanced if an animal developed in that same habitat type. Animals exhibiting NHPI are expected to rely on conspicuous cues that can be quickly and easily detected during search, and to prefer new habitats possessing cues that match those encountered in their natal habitat.A major obstacle to successful relocations is that newly released animals often reject the habitat near the release site and rapidly travel long distances away before settling. An NHPI perspective argues that long-distance movements away from release sites occur because releasees prefer to settle in familiar types of habitat, and reject novel areas lacking cues similar to those in their habitat of origin. Similarly, a preference by releasees for familiar cues may encourage them to seek out inappropriate, low quality habitats following release at a new location. We review evidence from a number of studies indicating that problems with habitat selection behavior compromise conservation efforts, and provide recommendations that may encourage animals to “feel more at home” in post-release habitats. |
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