利用ISSR和SRAP标记分析细辛资源遗传多样性与亲缘关系

采用ISSR、SRAP分子标记对61份细辛资源进行遗传多样性与亲缘关系进行分析,结果表明:(1)ISSR标记平均每条引物可获得8.35个DNA片段,多态性比率为86.3%,SRAP标记平均每对引物可获得7.85个DNA片段,多态性比率为86.0%。(2)利用相同数量的引物,ISSR标记揭示的多态性略高于SRAP标记。(3)按照种质间相似系数得出聚类图,可将所有细辛资源分开,在依据ISSR标记聚类分析中,生物学上北细辛和汉城细辛的划分,其作用不如地域来源的效应。SRAP分子标记中,大部分资源的聚类与地域性有关,但有4份汉城细辛优先聚类,SRAP分子标记在揭示基因组差异方面有一定的优势。(4)2种分子标记的聚类图中,来自同一产地的北细辛和汉城细辛优先聚类,其亲缘关系更近。聚类图中未出现北细辛与汉城细辛分别聚类。分子标记分类与传统植物学分类不一致。

Genetic Diversity and Relationship Analysis of Asarum Germplasm Resources Based on ISSR and SRAP Markers

To analyse the genetic diversity and relationship of Asarum germplasm resources, sixty-one Asarum germplasm were tested using ISSR and SRAP Markers. The results were as follows: (1) The average of bands amplified per primer by ISSR and SRAP was 8.35 and 7.85 respectively. The percentage of polymorphic bands of ISSR and SRAP was 86.3% and 86.0% respectively. (2) The percentage of polymorphic bands of ISSR was higher than those of SRAP amplified using same number of primers. (3) According to the dendrogram of cluster analysis, all the accessions could be classified clearly. The cluster of accessions was associated with resource region. Comparing to ISSR, SRAP marker had the advantage in reflecting the difference of genome. (4) Asarum heterotropoides Fr. Var. mandshuricum (Maxim) kitag. and Asarum sieboldii Miq. var. seoulense Nakai from same origin clustered first in two clustering dendrogram which showed they have close genetic relationship. (5) Not all A. heterotropoides or A. sieboldii were clustered together, and this showed that the taxonomy according to molecular marker was inconsistent with plant characteristics.