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森林土壤氮转化的微生物功能研究
引用本文:李凤珍,马成新.森林土壤氮转化的微生物功能研究[J].应用生态学报,1992,7(3):223-230.
作者姓名:李凤珍  马成新
作者单位:中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 沈阳 110015,沈阳 110015,沈阳 110015,沈阳 110015,沈阳 110015,沈阳 110015
摘    要:本文研究了不同林型下土壤(A+6层和A_1层)微生物、土壤酶活性在森林土壤氮转化中的作用。结果表明不同林型下土壤具有不同的固氮作用、反硝化作用、氨化作用和硝化作用速率,即阔叶林>针阔混交林>针叶林。已经证明,固氮作用主要存在于森林土壤的A_1层,反硝化作用主要存在于A_0层。森林土壤存在2种硝化作用过程,即由自养微生物所引起的自养硝化作用过程和异养微生物所引起的异养硝化作用过程。它的存在与林型有关,某些森林土壤中这2种硝化作用过程都存在,如针阔混交林下的A_0层和A_1层。有些林型下土壤,则以异养硝化作用过程为主,如针叶林的A_0层。

关 键 词:森林土壤    转化  微生物

Microorganism and nitrogen transformation in forest soil.
Li Fengzhen,Ma Chengxin,Xu Yi,Zhang Lihong,Liu Zengzhu and Liu Ruijun.Microorganism and nitrogen transformation in forest soil.[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,1992,7(3):223-230.
Authors:Li Fengzhen  Ma Chengxin  Xu Yi  Zhang Lihong  Liu Zengzhu and Liu Ruijun
Abstract:This paper studies the effect of microbial population and soil enzyme on nitrogen transformation in forest soil under different forest types. The rates of nitrogen fixation, denitrification, ammonification and nitrification are quite different under different forest types: broadleaved forest>mixed broadleaved-coniferous forest>coniferous forest.Nitrogen fixation mainly occurs in soil horizon A_1, and denitrification in horizon A_0. There are two kinds of nitrification in forest soil, one is autotrophie and the other is heterotrophic. The former is brought about by chemoautotrophie nitrifying bacteria and the latter is by a number of heterotrophic microbes. Their occurence is correlated with forest type. In some forest soils under mixed broadleaved-coniferous forest, both autotrophie and heterotrophic nitrifications are existed, but under coniferous forest, the nitrification is mainly heterotrophic.
Keywords:Nitrogen transformation in forest soil  Soil enzyme  Nitrogen fixation  Denitrification  Ammonif ication  Nitrification    
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