Biosensitive element in the form of immobilized luminescent photobacteria for detecting ecotoxicants in aqueous flow‐through systems |
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Authors: | Elena N Efremenko Olga V Maslova Alexander V Kholstov Olga V Senko Anvar D Ismailov |
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Institution: | Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia |
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Abstract: | We demonstrated the possibility of long‐term and efficient application of a biosensitive element (BE) in the form of Photobacterium phosphoreum photobacteria immobilized in poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) cryogel for detecting various ecotoxicants ( Zn 2 + , Cu 2 + , Hg 2 + , Pb 2 + , 2,4‐dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2,6‐dimethylphenol, pentachlorophenol, coumaphos, malathion, chlorpyrifos and methyl parathion) in flow‐through media. The range of detectable concentrations of ecotoxicants was determined at 1 × 10 ?8 to 1 × 10 ?4 M for heavy metal ions and at 1 × 10 ?8 to 1 × 10 ?5 M for phenol derivatives and organophosphorus pesticides. Immobilized cells of photobacteria quantitatively reacted with these ecotoxicants; cell sensitivity exhibited no flow rate dependence in the range from 45 to 180 mL/h. At a constant concentration of ecotoxicant in the flow, the bioluminescence quenching profile of immobilized cells demonstrated an integral response. The BE could remain in a flow‐through medium for at least 10 days while retaining 95% of luminescent activity in the absence of ecotoxicants. The BE tested in this work was demonstrated to have a long shelf life (> 60 weeks) at ?80°C without changes in the baseline level of bioluminescence. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. |
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Keywords: | biosensitive element bioluminescence immobilized cells flow‐through systems ecotoxicants |
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