Evaluation of the yeast-extract signaling pathway leading to silymarin biosynthesis in milk thistle hairy root culture |
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Authors: | Tahereh Hasanloo Roshanak Sepehrifar Hassan Rahnama Mohammad Reza Shams |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Molecular Physiology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran, Mahdasht Road, P.O. Box 31535-1897, Karaj, Iran 2. Department of Tissue Culture and Gene Transformation, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran, Karaj, Iran
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Abstract: | The biosynthesis of silymarin, a potent antihepatotoxic compound, from the dried fruits of Silybum marianum L. Gaertn in hairy root cultures can be stimulated by a yeast extract elicitor. These results correlated with culture time, and the biosynthesis reached a maximum of 0.47 mg g?1 DW by 72 h after culture (2-fold higher than the control). Lipoxygenase activity and linoleic acid content were stimulated by this treatment, suggesting that the jasmonate pathway may mediate the elicitor-induced accumulation of silymarin. The H2O2 content increased 24 h after elicitation and did not have marked changes between 48 and 72 h. In addition, the tocopherol content (especially α- and δ-tocopherols) increased 72 h after elicitation in comparison with non-treated cultures. Ascorbate had trace changes during feeding time and was lower than the control. The antioxidant activity was assayed by the 1-1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl stable free radical method and results were calculated base on an IC50 that increased upon treatment, especially 24 h after treatment, with changes related to H2O2 content. These observations suggested that reactive oxygen species may mediate elicitor signals to the jasmonate pathway that lead to the production of silymarin. |
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