阿尔泰山两河源牧区草地群落生物量及物种多样性

群落生物量和物种多样性是表征草地生态系统数量特征的重要指标。该研究以新疆阿尔泰山南麓两河源放牧区草地为研究对象,利用样方法对两河源不同放牧区的草地植被进行调查,分析研究区生物量和物种多样性变化,探讨二者与环境因子之间的关联性,为草地群落物种保护以及草地可持续利用提供理论依据。结果表明:(1)两河源不同牧区间群落盖度、高度、植株密度、地上生物量和单位盖度生物量存在差异。(2)两河源牧区草地群落地上生物量与群落盖度、植株密度呈显著正相关关系(P<0.05),且地上生物量主要受草地群落盖度的影响;不同牧区的物种多样性指数有一定差异,但物种分布相对均匀。(3)两河源牧区草地群落生物量及物种多样性主要受气温和降水的影响。

Biomass and Diversity of Grassland Community in the Two river Source Pastoral Areas of Altai Mountains

Community biomass and species diversity are important indicators to characterize the quantitative characteristics of grassland ecosystems. This study conducted in the grasslands of the Two river Source grazing areas in the southern Altai Mountains of Xinjiang and a survey of grassland vegetation in different grazing areas of the Two river Source using the sample method, analyzed the changes in biomass and species diversity in the study area, and explored the correlation between the two and environmental factors, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the conservation of grassland community species and sustainable use of grassland. The results showed that: (1) there were differences in community cover, height, plant density, above ground biomass and biomass per unit of cover among different grazing areas in the Two river Source. (2) The above ground biomass of grassland communities in the Two river Source rangelands was significantly and positively correlated with community cover and plant density (P<0.05), and above ground biomass was mainly influenced by the cover of grassland communities. The species diversity index varied somewhat among the different grazing areas, but the species distribution was relatively uniform. (3) Grassland community biomass and species diversity in the Two river Source rangelands are mainly influenced by temperature and precipitation.