麂子源蜂房哈夫尼亚菌的分离鉴定及生物学特性

【背景】蜂房哈夫尼亚菌是革兰阴性杆菌，是一种机会致病菌、腐生菌，常见于人和动物肠道、污水、土壤和乳制品中，能引起人和动物败血症，而且具有潜在的致腹泻作用。【目的】为对昆明轿子雪山自然保护区内死亡麂子体内潜在的致病菌进行分离鉴定及生物学特性分析。【方法】无菌采集死亡麂子的部分肠道组织进行细菌的分离培养和鉴定，并对分离获得的菌株进行药物敏感性试验及动物回归试验。【结果】鉴定分离菌株为蜂房哈夫尼亚菌，编号KMJZXS0312。药敏试验结果表明，该菌对青霉素、头孢噻吩等7种抗生素耐药，对氟苯尼考、卡那霉素、呋喃唑酮、阿莫西林中介，对恩诺沙星、复方新诺明等13种抗生素敏感。动物回归试验表明，该菌能致小鼠死亡，引起小鼠胃和肠道胀气，肠道薄而透亮，肝脏点状出血，肺脏有针尖大小出血点，肝脏病理切片显示，肝细胞轻度水样变性，肝细胞肿胀，胞质疏松淡染。【结论】本实验从麂子肠组织分离到一株具有致病性的蜂房哈夫尼亚菌，对其致病机制进行了分析，并进行了药物敏感试验，提供了菌株新的生物学信息，具有重要的公共卫生学意义。

Isolation, identification, and biological characterization of Hafnia alvei from a barking deer

[Background] Hafnia alvei, a Gram-negative bacillus, an opportunistic pathogen, a saprophytic bacterium, is commonly detected in human and animal intestines, sewage, soil, and dairy products and can cause septicemia in human and animal, showing the potential to result in diarrhoea. [Objective] To isolate, identify and analyze the biological characteristics of potential pathogenic bacteria in the death of a barking deer (Muntjac) in Kunming Jiaozi Snow Mountain Nature Reserve. [Methods] A part of the intestinal tissue of the dead barking deer was collected aseptically for bacterial isolation and identification, and the isolate was subjected to drug sensitivity test and animal regression test. [Results] The isolate was identified as Hafnia alvei and named KMJZXS0312. It was resistant to 7 antibiotics including penicillin and cefthiophene, intermediately resistant to florfenicol, kanamycin, furazolidone, and amoxicillin, and sensitive to 13 antibiotics such as enrofloxacin and compound sulfamethoxazole. The animal regression test showed that the strain caused flatulence in the stomach and intestinal tract, thin and translucent intestine, spot hemorrhage in the liver, pinpoint hemorrhage in the lung. In addition, the strain caused degeneration and swelling of hepatocytes, as well as loose and lightly staining of the cytoplasm. Finally, it led to the death of mice.[Conclusion] A pathogenic H. alvei strain was isolated from a barking deer intestinal tissue. The biological characterization and drug sensitivity test in this study provide new biological information of the strain, which has important public health significance.