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Graphitic Petal Electrodes for All‐Solid‐State Flexible Supercapacitors |
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| Authors: | Guoping Xiong Chuizhou Meng Ronald G Reifenberger Pedro P Irazoqui Timothy S Fisher |
| Institution: | 1. Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA;2. School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA;3. Center for Implantable Devices, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA;4. Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA;5. Department of Physics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA |
| Abstract: | The charge storage characteristics of a composite nanoarchitecture with a highly functional 3D morphology are reported. The electrodes are formed by the electropolymerization of aniline monomers into a nanometer‐thick polyaniline (PANI) film that conformally coats graphitic petals (GPs) grown by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD) on conductive carbon cloth (CC). The hybrid CC/GPs/PANI electrodes yield results near the theoretical maximum capacitance for PANI of 2000 F g?1 (based on PANI mass) and a large area‐normalized specific capacitance of ≈2.6 F cm?2 (equivalent to a volumetric capacitance of ≈230 F cm?3) at a low current density of 1 A g?1 (based on PANI mass). The specific capacitances remain above 1200 F g?1 (based on PANI mass) for currents up to 100 A g?1 with correspondingly high area‐normalized values. The hybrid electrodes also exhibit a high rate capability with an energy density of 110 Wh kg?1 and a maximum power density of 265 kW kg?1 at a current density of 100 A g?1. Long‐term cyclic stability is good (≈7% loss of initial capacitance after 2000 cycles), with coulombic efficiencies >99%. Moreover, prototype all‐solid‐state flexible supercapacitors fabricated from these hybrid electrodes exhibit excellent energy storage performance. |
| Keywords: | energy storage flexible supercapacitor electrodes graphitic petals polyaniline all‐solid‐state materials |