开普芦荟和木立芦荟的染色体核型分析

对盆栽开普卢荟(Aloe ferox Miller)和木立卢荟(Aloe arborescens Miller)植物根尖细胞的染色体进行了观察分析。结果表明开普芦荟和木立芦荟的染色体数与已见报导的百合科(Liliaceae)中国芦荟(Alov vera var.chinensis)植物染色体数相同, 2n=14。染色体类型按Levan 方法分类, 没有近端部染色体和随体。开普芦荟和木立芦荟的染色体核型分析结果均为K(2n)=2x=4sm+10st。根据Stebbins 的核型分类标准, 开普芦荟的核型为"4C"型, 而木立芦荟的核型为"3C"型。两种芦荟染色体相对长度组成均为2n=14=6L+2M2+6S。根据核型研究, 可以确定百合科开普芦荟和木立芦荟的染色体基数为X=7。

KARYOTYPE ANALYSIS OF ALOE FEROX MILLER AND ALOE ARBORESCENS MILLER

Aloe ferox Miller and Aloe arborescens Miller belong to Liliaceae Aloe (genus). In this paper,the chromosome were observed by routine root tip method.The results shows that the chromosome number of Aloe ferox and Aloe arborescens were 2n=14. The karyotype of Aloe ferox Miller is K(2n)=4sm+10st,and the karyotype of Aloe arborescens is K(2n)=4sm+10st, by Levan's crierion of chromosome karyotype and belong to "4C" and "3C" of stebbins karyotype symmetry.The chromosome composition of relative lenth were 2n=14=6L+2M 2+6S. There are not acrocentric chromosomes and any satellite chromosome being observed.The chromosome constitution of Aloe ferox Miller and Aloe arborescens Miller are four long and three short.According to the karyotype,we considered chromosome basic number as x=7.