Leaf Anatomy and Carbon Discrimination in NAD-malic Enzyme Panicum Species and their Hybrids Differing in Bundle Sheath Cell Ultrastructure |
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Authors: | OHSUGI, RYU UENO, OSAMU KOMATSU, TOSHINORI SASAKI, HARUTO MURATA, TAKAO |
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Affiliation: | Department of Applied Physiology, National Institute of Agrobiological Resources, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan, 305 Department of Breeding, National Grassland Research Institute, Nishinasuno, Tochigi, Japan, 32927 Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan, 113 Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate, Japan, 020 |
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Abstract: | The relationship between leaf anatomy, ultrastructure and carbondiscrimination was investigated in leaves of two F1hybrids (F1-1and F1-2) between two different types of the grassPanicum [anNAD-malic enzyme (ME) C4species], which differ in bundle sheathultrastructure. The female parent was Kabulabula grass, whichhas centrifugal chloroplasts in bundle sheath cells and is designatedan NAD-ME(F) species, while the male parent was Makarikari grass,which has centripetal chloroplasts in the bundle sheath cellsand is designated an NAD-ME(P) species. Suberin lamellae arepresent in Kabulabula grass but are lacking in Makarikari grass.Both F1hybrids had the same chromosome number (2n =36) as theparents but exhibited both univalent (about 45%) and bivalent(about 55%) chromosome pairing which was the major basis forthe identification of F1hybrids. In F1-1, elongated bundle sheathcell chloroplasts are arranged mainly in a centripetal position,similar to those in the male parent, Makarikari grass. In contrast,most of the bundle sheath cells in F1-2 are packed with starch-containingchloroplasts, although in some cells chloroplasts tended tobe centripetally arranged. In both F1hybrids, suberin lamellaewere found in the bundle sheath cell walls, similar to the femaleparent, Kabulabula grass. The 13C values of both F1hybrids were-11.4 to -11.7 , almost the same as those of Kabulabula grass(-11.4 ), but significantly higher than those of Makarikari grass(-12.7 ). These results indicate that the chloroplast orientationin the bundle sheath cells and the presence of suberin lamellaeare not obligatorily linked in their expression and suggestthat suberin lamellae may play an important role in discriminationagainst13C. Panicum ; NAD-malic enzyme species; hybrid; chloroplast position; 13C discrimination; suberin lamellae |
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