Bacillus arsenicoselenatis, sp. nov., and Bacillus selenitireducens, sp. nov.: two haloalkaliphiles from Mono Lake, California that respire oxyanions of selenium and arsenic |
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Authors: | Jodi Switzer Blum A Burns Bindi J Buzzelli John F Stolz R S Oremland |
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Institution: | (1) US Geological Survey, ms 480, 345 Middlefield Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA e-mail: roremlan@usgs.gov Tel. +1-650-329-4482; Fax +1-650-329-4463, US;(2) Department of Biological Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburg, PA 15282, USA, US |
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Abstract: | Two gram-positive anaerobic bacteria (strains E1H and MLS10) were isolated from the anoxic muds of Mono Lake, California,
an alkaline, hypersaline, arsenic-rich water body. Both grew by dissimilatory reduction of As(V) to As(III) with the concomitant
oxidation of lactate to acetate plus CO2. Bacillus arsenicoselenatis (strain E1H) is a spore-forming rod that also grew by dissimilatory reduction of Se(VI) to Se(IV). Bacillus selenitireducens (strain MLS10) is a short, non-spore-forming rod that grew by dissimilatory reduction of Se(IV) to Se(0). When the two isolates
were cocultured, a complete reduction of Se(VI) to Se(0) was achieved. Both isolates are alkaliphiles and had optimal specific
growth rates in the pH range of 8.5–10. Strain E1H had a salinity optimum at 60 g l–1 NaCl, while strain MLS10 had optimal growth at lower salinities (24–60 g l–1 NaCl). Both strains have limited abilities to grow with electron donors and acceptors other than those given above. Strain
MLS10 demonstrated weak growth as a microaerophile and was also capable of fermentative growth on glucose, while strain E1H
is a strict anaerobe. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis placed the two isolates with other Bacillus spp. in the low G+C gram-positive group of bacteria.
Received: 21 May 1998 / Accepted: 31 August 1998 |
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