Glyceraldehyde-derived advanced glycation end-products preferentially induce VEGF expression and reduce GDNF expression in human astrocytes |
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Authors: | Miyajima Hideaki Osanai Makoto Chiba Hideki Nishikiori Nami Kojima Takashi Ohtsuka Kenji Sawada Norimasa |
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Institution: | Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan. |
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Abstract: | The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a biological unit composed of capillary endothelial cells and astrocytes. Here we examined the effects of various types of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) on astrocytes and BBB-forming endothelial cells. While no type of AGE we examined changed the permeability of endothelial sheets, glyceraldehyde-derived AGE induced VEGF expression most significantly in astrocytes. The expression of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), which reduces the vascular permeability, was decreased in the astrocytes by treatment with glyceraldehyde-derived AGE. These results indicate that glyceraldehyde-derived AGE is the biologically active substance for astrocytes by regulating the VEGF and GDNF expression, which is causally contributing to an increase in the permeability of the BBB. |
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Keywords: | AGEs GDNF VEGF Astrocyte BBB |
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