生物钟信号调控的营养学

近日节律是生物界普遍存在的一种生理现象，而内源性生物钟是产生近日节律的物质基础，它能使生物体感知并适应环境中的光、温度和食物等周期信号，从而使生物体与外界环境保持周期同步。研究表明，葡萄糖、胆固醇、腺苷、咖啡因、维生素A和视黄酸等营养物质能通过各自不同的方式调控哺乳动物的生物钟，影响其近日节律的信号输出。本文概述了至今为止研究发现的各类与生物钟信号调控相关的营养物质及功能的相关研究进展。

The relationship between food metabolism and circadian rhythm

Circadian rhythms, which generally exist in most organisms, are generated mainly by an internal biological clock. This biological clock is synchronized to the daily periodicities in the physical environment by external factors, such as light-dark cycle, temperature and food availability. Moreover, it has been demonstrated that nutrient substances, such as glucose, cholesterol, adenosine, caffeine, vitamin A and retinoic acid etc., can regulate the biological clock and its circadian outputs by their specific mechanisms. This article briefly reviews recent findings on the relationship of food metabolism and circadian rhythm.