Electrokinetic energy conversion studies of aqueous solutions of oxalic acid and urea across urinary bladder membranes.

Electrokinetic studies namely hydrodynamic permeability, electroosmotic permeability and streaming potential measurements of aqueous solutions of oxalic acid and urea have been made across urinary bladder membranes of goat. Energy conversion maxima and degree of coupling for these permeants have computed. It has been found that these values increase with increases in concentration of the permeants. Since electro-osmotic flux tendency is quite opposite for oxalic acid in comparison to that of urea, energy conversion values increase with increase in concentration but in opposite directions. Such studies are expected to be of use in understanding electrophysiology of the bladder as inefficient functioning of the bladder leads to formation of urinary calculi and many other types of disorders. Methodology of non-equilibrium thermodynamics have been used to explain the data.