Responsiveness of entomopathogenic fungi to menadione-induced oxidative stress |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Instituto de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento, Universidade do Vale do Paraíba, São José dos Campos, SP 12244-000, Brazil;2. Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14040-903, Brazil;1. Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana –Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, Iztapalapa, 09340 México D.F., Mexico;2. Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana –Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, Iztapalapa, 09340 México D.F., Mexico;1. School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611, USA;2. Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;3. Tropical Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Homestead 33031, USA;4. Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611, USA;1. Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland;2. Herbarium, University of Turku, Turku, FI-20014, Finland;3. Botanical Museum, Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland;1. Institute of Excellence in Fungal Research, and School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand;2. INRA, UR1264 MycSA, Mycologie et sécurité des aliments, CS 20032, 33883 Villenave d’Ornon Cedex, France;3. Aurora University, Biology Department, 347 S. Gladstone Ave., Aurora, IL 60506-4892, USA;4. Sylvan Biosciences, 198 Nolte Drive, Kittanning, PA 16201, USA;1. Genetic Engineering Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, PR China;2. Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Fungal Insecticide, Chongqing 400030, PR China;3. Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation Technologies under Chongqing Municipal Education Commission, Chongqing 400030, PR China;4. Research and Development Center of Biorational Pesticide, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China |
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| Abstract: | Entomopathogenic fungi are predisposed to ROS induced by heat and UV–A radiation when outside the insect host. When inside the host, they are subject to phagocytic cells that generate ROS to eliminate invading pathogens. The oxidative stress tolerance of the entomopathogenic fungi Aschersonia aleyrodis (ARSEF 430 and 10276), Aschersonia placenta (ARSEF 7637), Beauveria bassiana (ARSEF 252), Isaria fumosorosea (ARSEF 3889), Lecanicillium aphanocladii (ARSEF 6433), Metarhizium acridum (ARSEF 324), Metarhizium anisopliae (ARSEF 5749), Metarhizium brunneum (ARSEF 1187 and ARSEF 5626), Metarhizium robertsii (ARSEF 2575), Tolypocladium cylindrosporum (ARSEF 3392), Tolypocladium inflatum (ARSEF 4877), and Simplicillium lanosoniveum (ARSEF 6430 and ARSEF 6651) was studied based on conidial germination on a medium supplemented with menadione. Conidial germination was evaluated 24 h after inoculation on potato dextrose agar (PDA) (control) or PDA supplemented with menadione. The two Aschersonia species (ARSEF 430, 7637, and 10276) were the most susceptible fungi, followed by the two Tolypocladium species (ARSEF 3392 and 4877) and the M. acridum (ARSEF 324). Metarhizium brunneum (ARSEF 5626) and M. anisopliae (ARSEF 5749) were the most tolerant isolates with MIC 0.28 mM. All fungal isolates, except ARSEF 5626 and ARSEF 5749, were not able to germinate at 0.20 mM. |
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| Keywords: | Conidial germination Median lethal concentration Minimum inhibitory concentration ROS inducers Stress biology |
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