<Emphasis Type="Italic">Pseudomonas</Emphasis> bacteria and phosphorous fertilization,affecting wheat (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Triticum</Emphasis><Emphasis Type="Italic">aestivum</Emphasis> L.) yield and P uptake under greenhouse and field conditions |
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Authors: | H R Zabihi G R Savaghebi K Khavazi A Ganjali M Miransari |
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Institution: | (1) Soil and Water Research Institute, Mashhad, Iran;(2) Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Tehran University, Karaj, Iran;(3) Soil and Water Research Institute, Karaj, Iran;(4) Research Center for Plant Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran;(5) Department of Soil Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran; |
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Abstract: | We have recently indicated the plant growth promoting activities of Pseudomonas sp. as well as their alleviating effects on some soil stressors such as salinity. This is because in recent years, biological
fertilizers have received special attention by scientists in sustainable agriculture. Accordingly, it is pertinent to specify
the beneficiary level of such soil bacteria on plant growth including phosphorous (P) uptake. Hence, the objectives were to
determine: (1) the plant growth promoting effects of the tested Pseudomonas sp., and (2) its combined effects with different P fertilization rates on the nutrient uptake (N, P, and K) and yield of
wheat (Triticum
aestivum L.) under greenhouse and field conditions. The experiments were factorially arranged on the basis of a completely randomized
block design with three replicates and were conducted at the Research Farm of Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Center
of Khorasan, Mashhad, Iran. P was fertilized at three levels including 0, 25 and 50 kg/ha P2O5. Pseudomonas sp. including Pseudomonas
fluorescens 153, P. fluorescens 169, P.
putida 4, and P.
putida 108 were tested. Activities such as production of ACC deaminase and IAA-like products, as well as P solubilization were among
the most important activities of the tested Pseudomonas sp. Such bacterial effects greatly enhanced wheat growth and yield under greenhouse and field conditions. The results also
showed that the effects of Pseudomonas sp. on wheat nutrient uptake and the effects of bacteria as well as P fertilization on wheat yield were significant. P.
putida 108 was the most effective strain enhancing wheat P uptake and grain yield under greenhouse (96 and 58%) and field (80 and
37%) conditions, respectively. Hence, although Pseudomonas sp. could be a suitable replacement for high P fertilization, however, the optimum wheat yield resulted when the bioinoculants
are combined with 50% (25 kg/ha P2O5) P fertilization. This finding has great agricultural and environmental implications. |
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