Tyrosine phosphorylation of beta2-chimaerin by Src-family kinase negatively regulates its Rac-specific GAP activity |
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Authors: | Kai Masahiro Yasuda Satoshi Imai Shin-Ichi Kanoh Hideo Sakane Fumio |
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Affiliation: | Department of Biochemistry, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan. |
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Abstract: | beta2-Chimaerin, an intracellular receptor for the second messenger diacylglycerol and phorbol esters, is a GTPase-activating protein (GAP) specific for Rac. beta2-Chimaerin negatively controls many Rac-dependent pathophysiological events including tumor development. However, the regulatory mechanism of beta2-chimaerin remains largely unknown. Here we report that beta2-chimaerin is tyrosine-phosphorylated by Src-family kinases (SFKs) upon cell stimulation with epidermal growth factor (EGF). Mutational analysis identified Tyr-21 in the N-terminal regulatory region as a major phosphorylation site. Intriguingly, the addition of SFK inhibitor and the replacement of Tyr-21 with Phe (Y21F) markedly enhanced Rac-GAP activity of beta2-chimaerin in EGF-treated cells. Moreover, the Y21F mutant inhibited integrin-dependent cell spreading, in which Rac1 plays a critical role, more strongly than wild-type beta2-chimaerin. These results suggest Tyr-21 phosphorylation as a novel, SFK-dependent mechanism that negatively regulates beta2-chimaerin Rac-GAP activity. |
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