甘蓝型油菜与蔊菜属间杂种后代的苗期耐湿性综合评价

以生产上应用的耐湿性存在差异的3个甘蓝型油菜品种为对照,采用盆栽模拟湿害胁迫的方法,对15份源自甘蓝型油菜与蔊菜属间杂交获得的遗传稳定的创新种质进行苗期耐湿性鉴定和综合评价。结果显示:(1)湿害抑制根系生长,导致植株变矮,叶片发黄,生物量降低,湿害对根系影响最为严重,其次是植株总生物量积累和地上部分的生长。(2)通过主成分分析和隶属函数法,将全展叶数、绿叶率、苗高、根长、地上部分鲜重、根鲜重、植株总鲜重、地上部分干重、根干重和植株总干重等10个性状指标值转化成单一的综合评价值(D值),客观、科学、准确地对参试的18份材料进行了综合评价,为甘蓝型油菜苗期耐湿性评价提供了方法参考。(3)15份创新种质除绿叶率外的9个测定指标的耐湿性系数均高于对照品种,耐湿性综合评价结果显示,15份创新种质的D值均高于渝黄2号,13份创新种质的D值高于综合抗耐性俱佳的中油821,3份创新种质的D值高于高耐湿品种中双9号,聚类得到的高耐湿类群的7份材料中创新种质占6份(85.71%)。可见,创新种质的耐湿性平均要优于对照品种,说明通过远缘杂交获得的创新种质对甘蓝型油菜的耐湿性有了较为明显的改良和提高。

Comprehensive evaluation of waterlogging tolerance of progenies between Brassica napus and Rorippa indica

Taking three rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) with different waterlogging tolerance as the control, waterlogging tolerance of 15 stable lines between Brassica napus and Rorippa indica were identified and evaluated comprehensively in seedling period by using simulated drought in plastic pots. The results showed that: (1) waterlogging restrained root system growth, resulting in shorter plant, yellow leaves and biomass decreased. Effects of waterlogging on root system were most serious compaired to the plant total biomass and the growth of plant upside. (2) Through principal components analysis and subordinate function analysis, 10 character indexes, including number of leaves, ratio of green leaves, seedling height, root length, fresh weight of plant upside, root and the whole plant, dry weight of plant upside, root and the whole plant, were transformed into a single comprehensive evaluation value (D value), which accurately provided comprehensive evaluation for 18 materials, also provided method reference for Brassica napus waterlogging tolerance evaluation in seedling period. (3) Waterlogging tolerance coefficient of 9 character indexes (excluding ratio of green leaves) from 15 innovative germplasm all were higher than the control cultivars. Comprehensive evaluation results showed D value of 15 germplasm all were higher than Yuhuang No.2, D value of 13 germplasm were higher than Zhongyou 821 with high comprehensive tolerance and D value of 3 germplasm were higher than Zhongshuang No.9 with high waterlogging tolerance. Cluster analysis showed innovative germplasm accounted for 6 (85.71%) in 7 germplasm with high waterlogging tolerance. Consequently, the waterlogging tolerance of innovative germplasm were higher than the control cultivars averagely, which indicated that innovative germplasm from wide cross obviously improved waterlogging tolerance of Brassica napus.