温度对近亲裸腹溞发育、生长和卵的生产量的影响

近亲裸腹溞(Moina affinis)的胚胎发育和总生活时间与温度呈反比。其后各龄期的生长、卵的生产量与温度的变化密切相关。30℃时,总胚胎发育时间为18—20小时,平均龄期为25.1小时,总生活时间为15.7天;20℃时,总胚胎发育时间为42—48小时,平均龄期为53.2小时,总生活时间为33.3天。在30℃时,有2个成体前龄,13个成龄;而在20℃时,有3个成体前龄,12个成龄。不论30℃或20℃,幼龄的龄期短于成龄龄期。近亲裸腹溞各个不同龄期的生长也因温度而变化。30℃时,10龄之前,以1、2龄的增长尤为迅速,而10龄以后增长速度则缓慢;在20℃时,第1—4龄,第6—7龄增长速度最快,第10龄后,增长趋于停止。30℃时,各成龄的累计产卵数为133.0个;而20℃为213.9个。30℃时卵的生产率(a值)为1.1811;高于20℃时的a值0.9643。  

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON THE DEVELOPMENT,GROWTH AND EGG PRODUCTION IN MOINA AFFINIS (CLADOCERA,MOINIDAE)

The embryonic and postembryonic development of the Cladoceran Moina affinis at 30℃ and 20℃ has been studied in the laboratory.The duration of embryonic and postembryonic development is inversely proportional to the temperature. Embryonic development lasts 18—20 hrs at 30℃ and 42—48 hrs at 20℃. The total life span is 15.7 days at 30℃ and 33.3 days at 20℃.There are only two pre-adult instars followed by thirteen adult instars at 30℃ whereas at 20℃ there are three pre-adult instars followed by twelve adult instars.The rate of egg production on a cumulative basis varies with temperature. It is found that at 30℃ Moina affinis has a higher rate of egg production (a=1.1811) than at 20℃ (a=0.9643)The data on the life cycle of Moina affinis has been compared with other five cladoceran species.