Changes in glycosaminoglycan expression in the rat developing intestine

Synthesis of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains was studied in the developing rat intestine. Intestinal segments, taken at various developmental stages, were exposed to 3H-glucosamine and 35S-sulfate for 6 hours. The amounts of 3H-GAGs (total GAGs) and of 35S-GAGs (sulfated GAGs) showed a clear age-dependence, with a broad maximum in the fetal period when dramatic growth and morphogenesis occur. Characterization of individual GAG species indicated that hyaluronic acid (HA), heparan and chondroitin sulfate (HS and CS) synthesis was modified quantitatively or qualitatively during development: decrease of HA with age; production of undersulfated HS molecules during embryonic life; shift towards a lower hydrodynamic form of HA and HS molecules after birth. We postulate that these alterations are crucial in the elaboration of an age-related specific extracellular microenvironment allowing intestinal growth and differentiation.