Structure of an atypical orphan response regulator protein supports a new phosphorylation-independent regulatory mechanism |
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Authors: | Hong Eunmi Lee Hyang Mi Ko Hyunsook Kim Dong-Uk Jeon Byoung-Young Jung Jinwon Shin Joon Lee Sung-Ah Kim Yangmee Jeon Young Ho Cheong Chaejoon Cho Hyun-Soo Lee Weontae |
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Institution: | Department of Biochemistry and HTSD-NMR & Application NRL, College of Science, Yonsei University, 134 Shinchon-Dong, Seodaemoon-Gu, Seoul 120-749, Korea. |
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Abstract: | Two-component signal transduction systems, commonly found in prokaryotes, typically regulate cellular functions in response to environmental conditions through a phosphorylation-dependent process. A new type of response regulator, hp1043 (HP-RR) from Helicobacter pylori, has been recently identified. HP-RR is essential for cell growth and does not require the well known phosphorelay scheme. Unphosphorylated HP-RR binds specifically to its own promoter (P(1043)) and autoregulates the promoter of the tlpB gene (P(tlpB)). We have determined the structure of HP-RR by NMR and x-ray crystallography, revealing a symmetrical dimer with two functional domains. The molecular topology resembles that of the OmpR/PhoB subfamily, however, the symmetrical dimer is stable even in the unphosphorylated state. The dimer interface, formed by three secondary structure elements (alpha4-beta5-alpha5), resembles that of the active, phosphorylated forms of ArcA and PhoB. Several conserved residues of the HP-RR dimeric interface deviate from the OmpR/PhoB subfamily, although there are similar salt bridges and hydrophobic patches within the interface. Our findings reveal how a new type of response regulator protein could function as a cell growth-associated regulator in the absence of post-translational modification. |
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