公别拉河流域三类湿地水化学特征研究

选择公别拉河流域有代表性的丛苔草湿地、臌囊苔草-细叶沼柳湿地和沼泽皱蒴藓-柴桦湿地为研究对象,分别对其水化学特征进行研究和分析.结果表明,三类湿地水中的阴离子以HCO3-为主,占阴离子总量的81.91%～85.46%,阳离子以Ca²⁺为主,占阳离子总量的56.80%～69.32%,其水化学类型为重碳酸盐类钙型水.三类湿地水pH为6.2～7.1,矿化度为112.5～461.23 mg·L^-1,总硬度为14.31～148.53 mg·L^-1.三类湿地水的各项指标基本符合国家Ⅰ、Ⅱ类水质标准,但Fe、Mn含量超标,在一定程度上影响本区水资源质量.从时间和空间角度分析了三类湿地水的水化学特征变化规律,并对湿地水微量元素含量进行了分析.

Hydrochemical characteristics of three kinds of wetland in Gongbiela Basin

The study on the hydrochemical characteristics of three representative kinds of wetland in Gongbiela Basin showed that in the water of test wetlands, HCO3 - was the dominant anion, accounting for 81.91% - 85.46% of total anions, and Ca2+ was the dominant cation, accounting for 56.80% - 69.32% of total cations. The hydrochemical type belonged to that of bicarbonate calcium. In the three kinds of wetland, water pH ranged from 6.2 to 7.1, mineralization degree ranged from 112.56 to 461.23 mg x L(-1), and hardness ranged from 14.31 to 148.53 mg x L(-1). On the whole, the water quality of the wetlands met the grade 1 and grade 2 national environmental water quality standards, but the Fe and Mn contents exceeding the standards influenced the water resource quality of this area. The spatial and temporal changes of hydochemical characteristics of the wetlands and the trace element contents in the water were also discussed and analyzed.