影响小麦成熟胚再生频率因素的研究(简报)

以小麦成熟胚为外植体，研究了基本培养基、预处理类型、接种方式、植物激素的浓度和不同组合以及分化培养基中是否添加抗生素对愈伤组织诱导和分化的影响．在此基础上建立了一套高效的小麦成熟胚植株再生系统。经过试验，我们选择在MS培养基上接种经无菌水预处理的纵切成熟胚作为起始的试验条件。在含2mg／L2，4-D的MS培养基上．初级愈伤组织的诱导频率可达80％以上．在继代培养基中添加0．5mg／L6-BA和0．2mg／LNAA可以显著提高胚性愈伤组织的产生。而在再生培养基中加入适当浓度的头孢霉素可以有效提高胚性愈伤组织再生出小植株的比例。利用该再生系统，我们从5个小麦优良主栽品种的成熟胚再生出了可育的植株，再生频率达15．3％-34．5％。

FACTORS AFFECTING EFFICIENT PLANT REGENERATION FROM WHEAT MATURE EMBRYOS

Wheat is a widely grown cereal crop worldwide. Also, it is one of the most important fodder crops in industrialized countries and many developing countries. Under the pressures exerted by limited land, expanding population, and environmental stresses, the great demand for wheat of both quality and quantity requires more rapid genetic improvement of wheat. Genetically transformed wheat plants have been achieved by various approaches, such as biolistics and Ago-bacterium infection. However, an efficient plant regeneration system is a prerequisite for most of the approaches.