Enzymic synthesis of steroid sulfates XVI. Specificity and regulation of human adrenal hydroxysteroid sulfotransferase

Pure hydroxysteroid sulfotransferase (EC 2.8.2.2) of human adrenal glands possesses a wide substrate specificity towards steroids. This wide specificity has now been found to extend to simple alcohols; normal aliphatic alcohols from C3 onwards acting as substrates with C9 showing the highest rate. Increased rate was accompanied by a decrease in Km. In marked contrast to the sulfurylation of steroids such as dehydroepiandrosterone, which exhibit wave-like kinetics, the kinetics with simple alcohols were of the normal Michaelis-Menten type. By means of enzyme antibody and enzyme stability studies evidence was provided that one and the same enzyme was responsible for sulfurylation of hydroxyls on the 3- and 17- positions of steroids and simple alcohols. The data lend support to previous evidence that the enzyme controls the secretion of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate via steroid-specific binding sites, enabling self-regulation in response to ACTH action.