Importance of Illegitimate Recombination and Transposition in IS30-Associated Excision Events

In the present study we report on the excision of IS30 elements and IS30-derived composite transposons. Frequent loss of IS30 was observed during dissolution of dimeric IS30 structures, containing IR–IR junctions, leading to resealed donor molecules. In contrast, unambiguous transpositional excision resulting in resealed remainder products could not be identified in the case of a monomeric element. The bias in the excision of monomeric and dimeric IS30 structures indicates a difference in the molecular mechanism of transposition of IS30 monomers and dimers. Sequence data on the rarely detected plasmids missing full IS or Tn copies rather suggest that all products were derived from illegitimate recombination. The reaction occurred between short homologies and was independent of the transposase activity. Similar IS30 excision events accompanied by multiple plasmid or genome rearrangements were detected in Pseudomonas putida and Rhizobium meliloti, yielding stable replicons that retained the selective marker gene of the transposon. We provide evidence that both transposition and illegitimate recombination can contribute to the stabilization of replicons through the elimination of IS elements, which emphasizes the evolutionary significance of these events.