辐射旁效应损伤潜在靶点药物研究进展

放疗是治疗恶性肿瘤的常用方法之一,但是在放疗的过程中,辐射对肿瘤细胞造成杀伤作用的同时,也会产生辐射旁效应(radiation-induced bystander effect,RIBE)对肿瘤周围正常组织造成损伤等不良反应。近期研究表明,辐射旁效应的产生是由细胞间隙连接和可溶性细胞信号分子介导的,主要包括间隙连接蛋白(Cx)、组织蛋白酶B(CTSB)、转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白介素-6(IL-6)、白介素-8(IL-8)以及活性氧和氮氧化物等。该文针对这些关键靶点蛋白,总结了相关的治疗药物,并进一步比较分析了药物使用的优缺点,对临床预防肿瘤放疗所形成的旁效应损伤提供了一定的线索。

Advances in Research on Potential Targets of Radiation-Induced Bystander Effects Injury

Radiotherapy is one of the commonly used methods for the treatment of malignant tumors.But during the process of radiotherapy,not only the tumor cells are killed,but the normal tissue around the tumor is also damaged,which is called RIBE(radiation-induced bystander effects).Modern studies have shown that the generation of RIBE is mediated by gap junctions and soluble cell signaling molecules,including Cx(Connexin),CTSB(cathepsin B),TGF-β(transforming growth factor-β),TNF-α(tumor necrosis factor-α),IL-6(interleukin-6),IL-8(interleukin-8),ROS(reactive oxygen species)and nitrogen oxides.This article summarizes the drugs for these key targets and the key nodes of related cell signaling pathways,and further compares and analyzes their advantages and disadvantages.It will provide some clues for the selection of potential target drugs for side effects caused by clinical tumor radiotherapy.