间充质干细胞的细胞成像技术比较与应用

间充质干细胞是一类具有强大增殖、多向分化潜能和免疫调节能力的多功能细胞,研究显示间充质干细胞移植可能治疗多种难治性疾病,例如帕金森病、脊髓损伤以及肿瘤等。但是,人们对移植后的细胞在宿主内的存活、分布、增殖、分化、免疫排斥反应以及成瘤特性等问题尚不清楚,所以许多疾病经过细胞移植治疗后的进展及转归情况仍难以获得确切的科学证据。而细胞成像技术(包括放射性核素成像、超声成像、磁共振成像以及光学成像)可以在体外或者体内实现对间充质干细胞实时、无创的示踪,在以间充质干细胞为研究基础的细胞移植治疗和细胞组织再生的医学领域里有着巨大的应用潜力。该文综述近十年来细胞成像技术应用于示踪间充质干细胞移植疗法的研究进展,旨在比较当下多种热门细胞成像技术的优劣,进而找寻更合适的干细胞示踪策略,为干细胞移植治疗的基础和临床研究提供进一步的理论证据支持和研究思路。

Comparison and Application of Cell Imaging Technology of Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Mesenchymal stem cells are a class of cells with strong proliferative capacity,multidirectional differentiation potential and immunomodulatory ability.Studies have shown that stem cell transplantation may treat a variety of refractory diseases,such as Parkinson’s disease,spinal cord injury and tumors.However,the survival,distribution,proliferation,differentiation,immune rejection response and tumorigenicity of transplanted cells in the host are still unknown,so it is difficult to obtain exact and strong scientific evidence of disease progression and outcome after cell transplantation.Cell imaging technology(including radionuclide imaging,ultrasound imaging,magnetic resonance imaging and optical imaging)can realize real-time and non-invasive tracing of mesenchymal stem cells,so it has great application potential in the field of cell transplantation therapy and cell tissue regeneration medicine based on the research of mesenchymal stem cells.This paper focuses on the basic characteristics of mesenchymal stem cell imaging and its latest applications in medical research in order to provide more powerful support for further research on stem cell transplantation.