Efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus utilization in progenies of factorial crosses between European and exotic cultivars of spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) |
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Authors: | Andrzej G Górny Dominika Ratajczak |
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Institution: | (1) Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland;(2) Danko Plant Breeding Ltd., Choryń, 64-005 Racot, Poland |
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Abstract: | Previous observations suggested that some landraces, primitive cultivars and other barleys originating from the harsh conditions
of the Middle East, North Africa and Tibet might serve as interesting sources of adaptation to low-input agriculture. This
opportunity was verified in field experiments performed under reduced rates of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilization.
Genetic variation in major components of the efficiency of N and P utilization was examined among F2 and F3 generations of crosses between four European female and seven exotic male lines of spring barley. Preponderance of general
combining ability effects was found for most efficiency components, suggesting that the characters are mainly controlled by
additive gene action. Non-additive effects appeared to be less or non-significant. Under reduced fertilization, hybrid progenies
of the Syrian cv. M.Dingo/D.Alla 106 and the Moroccan cv. Moroc 9–75 exhibit an enhanced yielding and the highest capacity
to utilize N and P efficiently in grain mass formation. The results proved that the exotic barleys appear to be particularly
useful for breeding programs aiming at improved barley adaptation to less favourable fertilization regimes. |
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