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Cysteine: Depolarization-Induced Release from Rat Brain In Vitro
Authors:Hans Jö  rg Keller,Kim Quang Do,Markus Zollinger,Kaspar H. Winterhalter,Michel Cué  nod
Affiliation:Brain Research Institute, University of Zürich, Switzerland.
Abstract:Compounds released on depolarization in a Ca2+-dependent manner from rat brain slices were screened to identify candidates for neuroactive substances. Lyophilized superfusates were analyzed by reversed-phase HPLC after derivatization with 9-fluorenyl N-succinimidyl carbonate. One of the compounds that showed an increase of concentration in superfusates in the presence of iodoacetamide was identified as the cysteine (Cys) derivative, S-carboxamidomethylcysteine, by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry and other methods. This stable Cys derivative originates from endogenous, extracellular Cys. The finding led to a method for quantification of Cys in superfusates by immediate cooling of the superfusates to 0 degrees C and reaction of Cys with N-ethylmaleimide. Depolarization-induced Ca2+-dependent release of Cys was most prominent in the neocortex, followed by the mesodiencephalon, striatum, and cerebellum. This suggests that Cys is released from a neuronal compartment and might be involved in neurotransmission.
Keywords:Cysteine    Endogenous transmitter release    Rat brain slices    HPLC
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