青海可可西里地区垫状植物

首次考察青海可可西里地区，共采集到种子植物约２１０ 种，隶属于３０ 科１０２ 属。其中垫状植物有８ 科１５ 属约４８ 种，分别占该地区全部种子植物科的２６．７％ 、属的１４．７％ 、种的２２．９％ 。该区是青藏高原上垫状植物最发达的地区。垫状植物按其形态结构可以划分为４ 种类型：典型（海绵体）垫状植物；密丛垫状植物；短根茎或根蘖型垫状植物；根颈辐状分枝型垫状植物。垫状植物种群或群落广泛存在于该地区各种植被类型中，并且非常发达，甚至可组成优势群落或群丛，形成大面积垫状植被景观。垫状植物是可可西里地区的先锋植物，它们的存在、繁衍、发达和衰退为其它类型植物迁入生长和漫延积累了细土和有机质，改善了生境

THE CUSHION PLANT IN THE HOH XIL AREA OF QINGHAI

During the first scientific expedition to the Hoh Xil area of Qinghai, the author had collected about 210 speceis of seed plant, which belong to 30 families and 102 genera.Among these plants, 48 species are cushion plant included 8 families and 15 genera.They occupy respectively 26 7% of the total number of the family, 14 7% of the total number of the genus and 22 9% of the total number of the species of the seed plant in this area.There fore, Qinghai Hoh Xil is the most developed area for the growth of the cushion plant.These cushion plants are morpho structural and roughly divided into four types: Typical (spongy) cushion plant; Dense clumping cushion plant; Brevi rhizome or collar tillaring cushion plant; and collar radial dense branching cushion plant.These cushion plants are very much adaptable to the special harmful climate and the adverse nature environment on the plateau platform of Hoh Xil.The community or the population of cushion plant occurs extensively of the various of types of vegetation are very luxurient in the Hoh Xil area.They often become the dominant community or together with often vegetation form a huge landscape of cushion vegetation.The cushion plants are the pioneers in the Hoh Xil area.Their growth cycle, from sprouting, growing, mulfiplying, flourishing until dying, contribute to the accumulation of soil rich in organic nutrients and create a favourable condition for migration, growth and development of the flora and vegetation in the Hoh Xil area.