Constitutive heterochromatin: a surprising variety of expressed sequences |
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| Authors: | Patrizio Dimitri Ruggiero Caizzi Ennio Giordano Maria Carmela Accardo Giovanna Lattanzi Giuseppe Biamonti |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Laboratorio di Genomica Funzionale e Proteomica di Sistemi modello and Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Bolognetti, Dipartimento di Genetica e Biologia Molecolare “Charles Darwin“,Università “La Sapienza“,Rome,Italy;2.Dipartimento di Genetica e Microbiologia,Università di Bari,Bari,Italy;3.Dipartimento di Genetica, Biologia generale e Molecolare,Università di Napoli Federico II,Naples,Italy;4.Istituto di Genetica Molecolare IGM unit of Bologna c/o Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli (IOR),Bologna,Italy;5.Istituto di Genetica Molecolare,Pavia,Italy |
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| Abstract: | The organization of chromosomes into euchromatin and heterochromatin is amongst the most important and enigmatic aspects of genome evolution. Constitutive heterochromatin is a basic yet still poorly understood component of eukaryotic chromosomes, and its molecular characterization by means of standard genomic approaches is intrinsically difficult. Although recent evidence indicates that the presence of transcribed genes in constitutive heterochromatin is a conserved trait that accompanies the evolution of eukaryotic genomes, the term heterochromatin is still considered by many as synonymous of gene silencing. In this paper, we comprehensively review data that provide a clearer picture of transcribed sequences within constitutive heterochromatin, with a special emphasis on Drosophila and humans. |
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