The study of CTLA-4 and vitamin D receptor polymorphisms in the Romanian type 1 diabetes population

Several studies suggested that part of the genetic susceptibility for Type 1 diabetes (TIDM) is encoded by some polymorphisms of CTLA-4 gene (2q33) and of Vitamin D Receptor gene (VDR; 12q12-14). Our aim was to assess their contribution to TIDM genetic susceptibility in the Romanian population. We typed CTLA-4 49 A/G and VDR Fok I (F/f), Apa I (A/a) and Taq I (T/t) polymorphisms by Sequence Specific Primer PCR (SSP-PCR) in 204 Romanian diabetic families (756 individuals: 212 TIDM probands and 544 unaffected parents and siblings). We studied alleles transmission using the Transmission Disequilibrium Test (TDT). We found an increased transmission of CTLA-4 49G allele to diabetics (54.8%, p=0.11). The transmission of F (56.1%, p=0.063), a (55.7%, p=0.061) and T (51.8%, p=0.37) alleles of VDR gene to diabetics was increased but did not reach statistical significance. In conclusion we found the same increased transmission of CTLA-4 49 G allele to diabetics as previously reported. VDR Foq I F allele seems to be predisposing while Taq I T allele seems to be protective.