Genome size stability among five subspecies of Pinus nigra Arnold s.l. |
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| Institution: | 1. Faculty of Forestry, Zagrebačka 20, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo 71 000, Bosnia and Herzegovina;2. Laboratory for Research and Protection of Endemic Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology, Zmaja od Bosne 35, University of Sarajevo, 71 000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina;3. Ecologie, Systématique, Evolution, Université de Paris-Sud, Bâtiment 360, UPRESA 8079, 91405 Orsay, France;4. Institut des Sciences du Végétal, CNRS UPR 2355, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France;1. Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Hematology, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands;2. Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;3. Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 21, 6525 EZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands;4. Department of General Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 8, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands;1. Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000, Niš, Serbia;2. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000, Niš, Serbia;3. Institute of Forestry, Kneza Višeslava 3, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia;4. Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden “Jevremovac”, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia;1. Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan;2. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan;3. Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan;4. Department of Human Genetics and Disease Diversity, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan;5. Pharmaceutical Discovery Research Laboratories, Teijin Pharma Limited, 4-3-2, Asahigaoka, Hino-shi, Tokyo 191-8512, Japan;2. Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas;1. Joint Research Unit CTFC - AGROTECNIO, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, E-25198 Lleida, Spain;2. Department of Crop and Forest Sciences, University of Lleida, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, E-25198 Lleida, Spain;3. AGROTECNIO (Center for Research in Agrotechnology), Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, E-25198 Lleida, Spain;4. Integrative Crop Ecophysiology Group, Plant Physiology Section, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain |
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| Abstract: | Despite the fact that genome size should be constant at species level, many reports of intraspecific variations exist. Thus, we carried out an analysis to determine the possible existence of nuclear DNA content variation in European black pine (Pinus nigra s.l.), a good model for such a study given its karyological uniformity, morphological polymorphism, broad geographical distribution, ecological plasticity and taxonomic heterogeneity. The panel comprised 20 populations across the natural range of P. nigra from Europe, Northwest Africa and Asia Minor including five subspecies: subsp. nigra, salzmanni, dalmatica, pallasiana and mauretanica. Mean 1C DNA content of the species was 23.62 pg (±0.209) assessed by flow cytometry. This converts to 23.1 G base pairs. The coefficients of variation within and between populations did not exceed 2.6%. Although we had already reported the existence of significant differences for three Black pine populations in our previous work on five Pinus spp. Bogunic, F., Muratovic, E., Brown, S.C., Siljak-Yakovlev, S., 2003. Genome size of five Pinus from Balkan region. Plant Cell Rep. 22, 59–63], intraspecific variation was not confirmed in the present study dealing with many more populations. Subspecific divisions of Black pine were characterised with following mean values: subsp. pallasiana—23.80 pg, dalmatica—23.79 pg, nigra—23.65 pg, salzmanni—23.55 pg, and mauretanica—23.24 pg. A positive relationship between genome size and longitude was observed (r = 0.44, p < 0.05). We conclude that the diversification of populations of P. nigra has occurred without significant genome size changes throughout its wide geographical range from ecologically contrasting habitats. A clinal mode of genome size variation is present, in line with hypothesis of P. nigra spreading from south-western Asia towards European habitats. |
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