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A novel ABA-hypersensitive mutant in Arabidopsis defines a genetic locus that confers tolerance to xerothermic stress
Authors:Chengshi Yan  Hui Shen  Qun Li  Zuhua He
Institution:(1) National Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China;(2) Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100039, China
Abstract:Hot and dry air (harmattan or xerothermic climate) greatly inhibits plant growth, particularly flowering and seed setting of crops. Little is known about the mechanism of plant response to this extreme environmental stress due to the lack of valuable genetic resource. Here, we report the isolation and characteristics of a unique Arabidopsis mutant, hat1 (h armattan t olerant 1), which shows high tolerance to hot and dry air. Under normal growth conditions, the mutant does not differ in morphology and soil drought tolerance compared to the wild type. When subjected to high temperature (42°C) and low humidity (10–15%), however, it could survive up to 6 days, while the wild type (Col-0) died after 24 h. The hat1 mutant also exhibits enhanced tolerance to soil drought, but only under xerothermic conditions. Mutant plants tightly close their stomata to retain water under xerothermic stress, and are more tolerant to high salinity at all developmental stages, accumulating less Na+ and more K+ than wild-type plants during NaCl treatment. Interestingly, hat1 plants are also ABA-hypersensitive. Genetic analysis revealed that the hat1 phenotype is caused by a dominant mutation at a single nuclear locus. Mapping studies indicate that Hat1 is located at an interval of 168 kb on chromosome 5 in which 21 genes are known to be regulated by diverse abiotic stresses. A mutant of this kind, to our knowledge, has not been previously reported. Thus, this report serves as a starting point in the genetic dissection of the plant response to xerothermic stress, and provides physiological and genetic evidence of the existence of a novel abiotic stress response pathway that is also ABA-dependent.
Keywords:Arabidopsis                 thaliana                ABA hypersensitivity  Genetic mapping                  hat1 mutant  Hot and dry air tolerance
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