Global diversity of cumaceans &; tanaidaceans (Crustacea: Cumacea &; Tanaidacea) in freshwater |
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Authors: | D Jaume G A Boxshall |
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Institution: | (1) IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados, C/ Miquel Marquès 21, Esporles, Illes Balears, 07190, Spain;(2) Department of Zoology, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, UK |
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Abstract: | Cumacea and Tanaidacea are marginal groups in continental waters. Although many euryhaline species from both groups are found
in estuaries and coastal lagoons, most occur only temporarily in non-marine habitats, appearing unable to form stable populations
there. A total of 21 genuinely non-marine cumaceans are known, mostly concentrated in the Ponto-Caspian region, and only four
tanaids have been reported from non-marine environments. Most non-marine cumaceans (19 species) belong in the Pseudocumatidae
and appear restricted to the Caspian Sea (with salinity up to 13‰) and its peripheral fluvial basins, including the northern,
lower salinity zones of the Black Sea (Sea of Azov). There are nine Ponto-Caspian genera, all endemic to the region. Only
two other taxa (in the family Nannastacidae) occur in areas free of any marine–water influence, in river basins in North and
South America. Both seem able to survive in waters of raised salinity of the lower reaches of these fluvial systems; but neither
has been recorded in full salinity marine environments. The only non-marine tanaidacean thus far known lives in a slightly
brackish inland spring in Northern Australia. The genus includes a second species, from a brackish-water lake at the Bismarck
Archipelago, tentatively included here as non-marine also. Two additional species of tanaidaceans have been reported from
non-marine habitats but both also occur in the sea.
Guest editors: E. V. Balian, C. Lévêque, H. Segers & K. Martens
Freshwater Animal Diversity Assessment |
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Keywords: | Freshwater Global assessment Species richness Peracarida Crustacea |
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